Non-Verbal Communication Essay Example for Free

Non-Verbal Communication Essay A number of people pay more attention on what they want to say,however,how to say it means more important. â€Å"In fact, studies suggest that during face-to-face communication, only 7% of meaning comes from the verbal content of the message —38% comes from tone of voice and 55% comes from body language. † Obviously, non-verbal communication refers to the process of the communication by means of receiving and sending the messages which are wordless. As an important tool of communication, non-verbal communication plays an important part in job interviews, medical care and social interactions. The process of a job interview is full of communication, including both verbal and nonverbal communications; however, nonverbal communication is more important than verbal communication in some ways. When people do the interview, it is critical for people to send the right messages and receive the good responses as well as maintaining eye contact, using facial expressions and making proper postures. Eye contact is essential when people are talking to the interviewer. The sustained eye contact could be respectful which show your confidence and trust. Also, this makes sure that you are listening and understanding about what you are communicating with each other. However, it’s not good to stare at interviewers constantly, which make them uncomfortable. The best way is to maintain the eye contact for several seconds, and then change your vision away from the interviewers briefly, finally put the eye contact on the interviewers. Meanwhile, facial expression is a necessary component in a job interview. Commonly, smile is a powerful communication tool, which is able to deliver the friendliness, happiness and interests. It helps people relieve nervous tension in order to make a good performance in the front of the interviewers. Also, it’s better to add a smile with your eyes so that you can show a real smile in your face, which makes your interview more successful. Additionally, making good postures can affect the quality of the job interview. The way of standing, sitting or talking shows the level of our attitude and manners, particularly in a job interview. For example, first, sit on the edge of the chair is a signal of nervousness and express you’re uncomfortable. Second, stand in the space belonging to the others and cross the arm, which can be hostile. In order to make your job interview extremely successfully, you’d better prepare eye contact, facial expressions and right postures. Furthermore, nonverbal communication is related to the development of medical care. Usually, most people are getting involved with each other through verbal communication. However, when people are getting older, they are lacking the functions of social network and body function degradation so that they need to depend on nurses’ care— nonverbal behavior,which establish the relationship between nurses and patients, such as, smiling, body positioning and touch. Smiling may be one of the most important characteristics of a nurse who wishes to establish good rapport with patients (Schabracq 1987; Heintzman et al. 1993). Smiling is positively judged by other people and is considered as a sign of good humour, warmth and immediacy (Mehrabian 1972, Reece Whitman 1962). † The body positioning points out whether the person is caring and listening. In the process of nonverbal behavior, the forward leaning indicates that nurse pay attention and care about the condition of the patients. In earlier research Reece Whitman (1962) showed that leaning forward conveys warmth and friendliness. Forward leaning combined with smiling, eye contact and verbal attentiveness (hm-hm) communicates an attitude of involvement. † Additionally, touch is an essential part in the medical care, which is a significant connection between nurses and patients. Touch can deliver the feeling of comfort, identification and encouragement in order to give patients a strong response to be optimistic through the medical process. In the medical way, touch can be divided into two parts; one is â€Å"instrumental touch†, another is â€Å"expressive† touch. Instrumental touch refers to the physical touch, such as bind up a wound. Expressive touch is more emotionally and spontaneous. Hence, touch is a key tool in the medical care; it makes patients more positive to face the medical treatment. What’s more, social interactions are a significant form of nonverbal communication. Symbolic stands for religious and status. On one hand, status can be a symbol of social level with person through his uniform, the brand of the car, and the size of the house. On the other hand, religious belief is equal to the culture, which makes certain people have unique communication. However, comparing to the difference between cultures, it’s pretty obviously that we can see the difference in the nonverbal communication. For example, physical space is a main difference. The acceptable physical distance in Latin America and Middle East is much shorter than it in America and Europe. Commonly, that’s why people often leave enough space for each other when they are standing online to buy the food. Besides, in terms of physical postures, the common example is the habit of many Americans who prefer to have a rest with their feet on the desk, but in Asia, Europe, and Middle East is unrespectable behavior. Additionally, hand and arm gestures means different between cultures. In some cases, for instance the â€Å"OK† sign, commonly it means everything is all right perfect. However, it means worthless in France and is money in Japan. Also, it even means rude in Germany. Another gesture â€Å"thumbs up†, usually it indicated all things are OK. But, in Nigeria, it means very offensive, while in Turkey, it means political rightist party. To sum up, nonverbal communication affects the way of people’s daily life, which tends to add more value to our communication. It makes our job review perfectly, promotes the development of the medical care, and enhances the progress of social interactions. As a result, nonverbal communication, as an essential communication skill, is getting more important and brings people the powerful communication with each other in different areas.

Weapons of the American Civil War Essays -- History Weapons Historical

Weapons of the American Civil War Amongst the most lasting of factors stemming from the Civil War are the weapons that were developed. Before the Civil War, the weapons used were highly unreliable, and were not advanced enough to provide the needed defense for a young nation such as our own. Innovative minds created many interesting ways to demolish their enemies without ever having to fire a shot or go into full combat through different types of bombs that were in disguise. Among the advancements in the Civil War were the torpedo, the carbine rifle, the minie` ball, several models of rifle-muskets, rocket launchers, rocket bombs, "Greek Fire," and a wide array of other secret weapons. Torpedoes were quite possibly the most destructive weapons created in the Civil War times. There is a great number of models of torpedoes that come from the Civil War; ranging all the way from models that were anchored to the ocean floor to drifting torpedoes that hung beneath driftwood and moved with the current. The first torpedoes from the south were simple powder filled tin cans with trigger attachments. The torpedoes were later developed to have a thin brass cap with a beeswax solution. If pressure was placed on the cap, then the torpedo would explode. The same structure was used in the development of landmines, the "sub-terra booby traps" as they were so affectionately named by the Union officers. Though in the early stages of development, these primitive looking war machines could destroy a fleet. The Carbine Rifle was a small, easy breechloading rifle. This abnormality made this rifle capable of firing much faster than its predecessors were able to. The Carbine was most effective when using the tactic of riding up, dismounting, and concentrating rapid carbine fire on the enemy. The Carbine rifles developed from single-shot "Burnside" models, named after Ambrose E. Burnside, into repeating rifles dubbed "Henry's". Three French army officers would share the credit for the bullet that caused nearly ninety percent of the soldier casualties in the Civil War. Captain Henri-Gustave Delvigne, Colonel Louis-Etienne de Thouvenin, and Captain Claude-Etienne Minie` were the men which developed this masterpiece. This bullet was designed after discovering that when a standard bullet was put down the barrel of a rifle and was pounded with the ramrod,... ... firing again. Since the gun could fire six hundred rounds of ammunition per minute, each barrel fired one hundred rounds per minute. Coehorn Mortars and Armstrong Rifles were used as projectile attack alternatives when a garrison needed a powerful blow to be delivered. The projectiles used in the Coehorn Mortars ranged form a weight of seventeen pounds, all the way up to 24 pounds. Named after Dutch engineer Baron van Coehorn, this mortar was a light seige weapon used mostly in trench warfare, and was carried by four men. The Armstrong Rifle, on the other hand was quite a large piece of equipment weighing over seven tons. The Civil War did very much for our nation, one key aspect of which was the development and advancement of our nation's defense mechanisms. The United States advanced leaps and bounds in the development of new weapons, and improvements on weapons that previously existed. This is merely a small display of all of the improvements the United States made during the Civil War; a war of bloody conflict and spite. Without these weapons, the war may not have ended just as it did, and we would also not have the advanced weapons systems that we have today.

An Unquiet Mind by Kay Redfield Jamison

Kay Redfield Jamison authored An Unquiet Mind, a memoir describing the troubling existence of mental illness in her life. This autobiographical journey reached out to a world that is peopled in mental illness. She writes of her drive, emotional intensity, and passion and pain in life as she struggled with severe manic depression. This is a story with healing implications for a world that struggles to find therapeutic resolution to this debilitating illness. I will discuss some of the key elements in Jamison’s empowering voyage through life and her madness. Jamison was an ingenious and unpredictable child. Her illness slowly transfigured her state of mind in the latter chapters of her teen years. Manic depression hit her with a serious emotional meltdown at the age of 17, thereby setting the stage for the challenges to come with her brain disease. She found addiction in the manic highs that offered feelings of grandeur and omnipotence. The other side of her diseased mind sent her plummeting into the pits of depression where she contemplated suicide—sometimes with the trigger of gun and other times standing at the ledge of a building. The novel setting chronicles her life from childhood into adulthood. From the age of seven, in the second grade, she witnessed a terrifying plane crash, just on the outer perimeter of her elementary school campus. Her father, a pilot in the Air Force, added the fascination of flight and death, something that stuck with her. Jamison wrote, I never again looked at the sky and saw only vastness and beauty. From that afternoon on I saw that death was also and always there. One critical element that aided in her ability to cope, in adulthood, was her demonstrative, supportive family. Even though they were a mobile-military family, her mother did her best to secure structure, along with the support of her elder brother, father, and grandmother. Kay and her brother excelled in school and extra-curricular activities. Kay found pleasure in her adolescent years. She wrote, They were to be an extremely powerful amulet, a potent and positive countervailing force against future unhappiness. Her sister, on the other hand, was self-absorbed, defiant, demanding, and lacked compassion for the families uprooted lifestyle. However, her sister could also be witty and charming, traits passed down from dad. Ms. Jamison had an ability to cast symbolism of deft clarity, thereby creating magical images that pulled the reader in and kept their interest peaked. She described her father’s persona with eloquence, as can be seen here: When times were good and his moods were at high tide, his infectious enthusiasm would touch everything. Her mother was kind, generous, and had the role of offering counsel when life’s incidents called for it. In a nutshell, her extended family was a plethora of caring, well-liked people willing to help those in need of help. Prior to her first taste of true mental madness, her father retired from the Air Force. The family moved from Washington to Southern California. Culture-shock hit her square in the jaw, but soon she learned to enjoy the exhilaration of intellectual conversations among the financially elite of California. She got a college-aged boyfriend, a man she met at UCLA during her volunteer work in the pharmacology department. It was a standard high-school fling that petered out once she digested her high school diploma and then met the fate of her mental illness. Within a year of moving to California, her father—who still displayed high moods and great laughter—was becoming dark. His exuberant enthusiasm faded as he, too, faded into depression and a hermit-like existence. This was compounded with his new drinking problem. She didn’t realize, however, that her own flights of manic highs and depressing lows were an equally challenging personality to live with. At 17, she found herself riding the wave of her manic high: staying up night after night, writing poetry and making future plans that were unattainable. She felt exuberant beyond belief. She wore out her friends with her endless, rapid-fire discussions. They told her, â€Å"slow down, Kay. You’re wearing me out, Kay. † She did. Her halt came crashing down on her. Her initial bout with mania was light-hearted and fairly gentile in comparison to the wild out-of-control episodes to follow years later. She wrote, Then the bottom began to fall out of my life and mind. My thinking†¦was torturous. In the coming years, she began to lose to the pace of her own thought-processing. Ideas stormed across her. She was on overload. Her acceptance of her illness wasn’t apparent to her. It was slow and gradual. She described it with such empowerment in the following two, short sentences: I did not wake up one day find myself mad. Life should be so simple. At this point, she obtained her doctorate in psychiatry and a position as an assistant professor in the UCLA Department of Psychiatry. In three months of reaching this esteemed level, she became a raging psychotic. She was, eventually, treated for manic depression and prescribed lithium, back in 1974—a drug that would save her from pure delirium, a state she couldn’t admit to, due to the ramifications of the high states of mania. She stopped taking it, against medical advisors—a common quirk among manic depressives who long for the theater of the manic highs. She went through bouts of dark depression with a suicidal itch. At this time, she was in therapy two to three times per week, while still staffed at UCLA. She was losing her senses due to the stresses of co-workers and the feudal nature of staff meetings—according to Kay anyway. She, then met, David, a fellow psychiatrist. They built a relationship out of her openness and his immediate kind temperament and his diagnosis of one of her difficult patients. She, at the time, was still married; so she denied his repeated dinner offerings. Their closeness grew. She finally gained the courage to tell him of her mental illness, fearing his reaction. He soothed her. She wrote, â€Å"I say, rotten luck. † His unbridled kindness and enthusiasm formed a balance in her edgy existence. Then, he died of a heart attack at the age of 44. Kay Jamison was 32. She discovered that grief is far different from depression; for there is hope in grief. She wrote of her grieving: David had loved and accepted me in an extraordinary way†¦And now, four years after his death, I found a very different kind of love and a renewed belief in life. She met an Englishman, a man who came to know her better than anyone. At this point, she came to the realization that her life depended on lithium. Yet, she chose, through therapeutic counseling with her psychiatrists in L. A. and London, as well as with the support of her Englishman partner, to lower her dosage. She continued her courageous clinical work in the very field of mental illness that has drenched her life with manic highs and dark, lifeless lows. She worked with patients and spent much of her time in the field of research: searching, with hearty commitment, to track down the gene that causes manic depression. Yet, aside from her efforts and personal relationship with finding the gene, she, at the same times, wonders what it might mean if she were to discover the gene. There is an obvious hereditary link, but is the gene the means to a solution? That question remains to be answered and cannot be anything but speculation until research discovers the gene—if someone ever does. One question being this: is it right, if a parent were aware of a prenatal gene carrying manic-depressive gene to abort the fetus? The difficulties surrounding the ethical issues raised would be a challenging arena of debate. This situation is further complicated when one or both parents are bi-polar. Why, then, should they have the privilege to play God and determine an unborn child’s fate. From the other side, people would question a person suffering through life with such a debilitating and emotionally destructible illness. When we consider Ms. Jamison’s illness, it’s important to point out that her manic depressive illness came prior to today’s medically softened term: bipolar disorder. Most doctors and clinicians, according to Kay Jamison, feel that the term bipolar loosens the stigma associated with manic depression. However, now that the term bipolar is so common in our culture, the stigma may have resurfaced. Of course, it’s up to individual interpretation and should be left to the patients to decide. Yet, the bipolar mind is in a pretty tight corner because it is truly not up to the patient or clinician to determine what society chooses to entitle as stigmatic. If a person discovers your diagnosis, or witnesses the behaviors of mania first-hand and is wise enough to wade through the other possible reasons behind a person’s behavior, its still, in the end, mental illness. And the overwhelming tendency, today, is that so many people are medicated and self-monitored that your best friend, or lover, may harness the internal wiring of manic depression, and keep the brunt of it hidden from you. Medication and therapeutic counseling has found new avenues to aid in curtailing this beastly illness. Technology and scientific research continue to make advancements for the betterment of the individual and society as a whole. Yet, the transparent selves within a diseased mind will continue to haunt people.

Impact Of The Italian Renaissance - 1387 Words

After the decline and disappearance of the Roman Empire, the Italian Renaissance was introduced to the European culture. The Italian Renaissance was the revival of the Greek and Roman cultures in forms of art, education, and literature. The Renaissance originally began in Florence, Italy during the time of 14 A.D and eventually began to expand throughout western and northern Europe in 15 A.D. The rebirthing of these ancient cultures brought much awareness and knowledge to the Italian society and resulted in change in their perspective toward the world and their culture. The Roman Empire was ruled by an emperor, but was controlled by the senate and multiple kings in the previous years. Because of the many unresolved issues during their†¦show more content†¦Leonardo was the first man to study a variety of subjects, and use the information he learned to apply to his creations. Using his creativity and knowledge in sciences, such as anatomy and botany, he was able to produced portraits that would appear to be a reflection to natural life. When crafting his paintings, he didn’t use the original egg, water, and powdered colorings that many artists would commonly use. He experimented with oil paint, which had many more benefits than the solution other artists would use. Oil paint dried slower than the egg mixture, which allowed you to fix mistakes unnoticeably. It also added more definition to paintings and produced new pigments which presented a distinctive style to his paintings. The â€Å"Mona Lisa† and â€Å"The Last Supper† are two of his paintings known all across the world, along with many others. Michelangelo is another known individual from the Renaissance. Likewise, Michelangelo was a painter, but made many works of art through sculpting. Michelangelo’s presented one of his best paintings on a large surface. His famous work is exhibited on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, demonstrating the scenes from the book a Genesis. The project took him four years to complete. To this day, his masterpiece brings exclusive attention to the community and others from all over the world. Another one of his pieces, titledShow MoreRelatedEssay about Italian and Northern European Renaissance758 Words   |  4 PagesItalian and Northern European Renaissance The Italian and Northern Europe Renaissances were both an important mark in history by changing the ideals of life, thought, culture, and art of the people’s of this time. In this paper I will explain the motive for change in these cultures, including the similarities and differences of the two cultures. 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